Reflect Orbital, a California-based startup, is pioneering an ambitious project that could revolutionize solar energy by bringing sunlight to Earth even after the sun has set. The company, led by CEO Ben Nowack, plans to deploy satellites equipped with mirrors to reflect sunlight onto specific locations on Earth during nighttime, effectively extending daylight hours for solar power generation.

A new approach to solar power challenges

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The concept behind Reflect Orbital’s project is straightforward yet groundbreaking. Solar power has become a significant player in renewable energy, but its primary limitation is the inability to generate electricity after sunset. Reflect Orbital aims to solve this problem by using orbital mirrors to bounce sunlight back to Earth during nighttime, allowing solar panels to continue producing energy.

Nowack explained the motivation behind the project during his presentation at the International Conference on Energy from Space in April. He highlighted that while solar energy is abundant during the day, its absence at night is a significant challenge for widespread adoption. By providing sunlight after dark, Reflect Orbital hopes to increase the efficiency and profitability of solar power systems.

How Reflect Orbital’s technology works

The technology involves launching 57 small satellites into orbit, each equipped with 33-square-foot ultra-reflective mylar mirrors. These satellites, orbiting about 370 miles above Earth’s surface, would reflect sunlight onto solar farms during peak demand times, potentially extending daylight by an additional 30 minutes.

Reflect Orbital’s team has already conducted successful tests using a hot air balloon and a mylar mirror to reflect sunlight onto solar panels from a distance of nearly 800 feet. The experiment generated around 500 watts of energy per square meter of solar panel, demonstrating the potential effectiveness of their approach.

Addressing solar energy limitations

Solar power’s intermittent nature has long been a hurdle in its widespread adoption. While the cost of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules has dropped significantly—by 90% since 2009, according to the International Renewable Energy Agency—there’s still no solution for generating solar power during cloudy, stormy days, or at night.

Reflect Orbital’s innovative approach could help address these limitations by providing a consistent source of sunlight, regardless of weather conditions or time of day. This could be particularly beneficial in regions with long winters or frequent cloud cover, where solar energy production is naturally limited.

The road ahead for Reflect Orbital

Reflect Orbital is currently accepting applications for those interested in “purchasing” sunlight after dark. The company plans to launch its first prototype satellite in 2025, with the goal of offering this service to solar farms worldwide. While the initial offering is limited—customers will only get four minutes of reflected sunlight over a 5km diameter—the potential for scaling up the technology is significant.

The idea of selling sunlight at night may seem far-fetched, but Reflect Orbital is not the first to explore this concept. Similar experiments were conducted by Russia’s Znamya project in the late 1980s and early 1990s, although they were ultimately halted due to the high costs of space missions at the time. Now, with the reduced cost of spaceflight, Reflect Orbital believes it can turn this visionary idea into a profitable reality.

Potential impacts and future possibilities

The success of Reflect Orbital’s technology could have wide-ranging implications for the energy industry. By providing a reliable source of sunlight after dark, the company could help stabilize solar power production, making it a more viable alternative to traditional energy sources.

This technology could also pave the way for other innovative applications, such as providing emergency lighting in disaster-stricken areas or even enabling nighttime agriculture in regions that struggle with food production due to limited daylight hours.

While the concept is still in its early stages, the excitement surrounding Reflect Orbital’s project is palpable. The company has already received over 30,000 applications from interested parties, indicating a strong demand for their unique solution.

Reflect Orbital’s venture into selling sunlight at night is a bold and innovative approach to one of the most significant challenges in renewable energy. If successful, it could mark a turning point in the quest for sustainable, round-the-clock power generation.